III. Mechanical engineering#

III.1. Mechanical engineering#

What is mechanical engineering? Mechanical engineering covers a broad field. And that is why mechanical engineering is difficult to define in one sentence. ‘Van Dale’ gives the following definition: “Mechanical engineering (v.) skill of the design, manufacturing and operation of machines.” But mechanical engineering is more than that.

In in the information brochure of the TU/e the mechanical engineering is not defined, but described: “A mechanical engineer devises, designs and realizes new products and processes but also improves and optimizes existing technologies.”

It is easier to give several examples of applications in which mechanical engineering has played an important role, both in conceiving, designing, producing and improving them.

Mechanical engineering has played a crucial role in numerous applications across various industries. Here are some examples:

  1. Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment: Mechanical engineers contribute to the design and production of semiconductor manufacturing equipment used in the fabrication of computer chips and integrated circuits. This includes equipment for photolithography, etching, deposition, and wafer handling. Precision engineering is essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of these high-tech systems.

  2. Precision Optics and Laser Systems: Mechanical engineers are involved in the design and construction of precision optics and laser systems used in applications such as telecommunications, laser cutting, medical imaging, and scientific research. They work on the development of optical components, laser resonators, and beam delivery systems to achieve precise control and performance.

  3. Advanced Imaging Systems: Mechanical engineers play a crucial role in the development of advanced imaging systems used in medical imaging, microscopy, satellite imaging, and security screening. They contribute to the design of optical systems, imaging sensors, mechanical stages, and image processing algorithms to capture high-resolution images with accuracy and speed.

  4. Renewable Energy Technologies: Mechanical engineers contribute to the design and optimization of high-tech renewable energy technologies such as wind turbines, solar panels, and tidal energy systems. They work on aerodynamic design, structural analysis, and power electronics to improve energy capture efficiency and reliability in renewable energy systems.

  5. Consumer Electronics and Medical Devices: Mechanical engineers play a crucial role in the design and production of consumer electronics such as smartphones, laptops, and home appliances. They focus on product miniaturization, thermal management, and structural integrity to create compact and durable devices. Mechanical engineers are involved in the design and development of various medical devices, including prosthetics, implants, surgical instruments, and diagnostic equipment. They work closely with healthcare professionals to ensure the safety, efficacy, and usability of medical devices.

  6. Smart Materials and Adaptive Structures: Mechanical engineers contribute to the design and development of smart materials and adaptive structures that can change their properties in response to external stimuli such as temperature, pressure, or electromagnetic fields. Examples include shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, and magnetostrictive materials used in actuators, sensors, and adaptive optics systems.

  7. Microfluidic Systems: Mechanical engineers contribute to the design and development of microfluidic systems, which manipulate fluids at the microscale for applications in biology, chemistry, and medicine. Microfluidic devices are used for lab-on-a-chip systems, DNA analysis, cell sorting, drug delivery, and point-of-care diagnostics. Mechanical engineering principles are applied to design microchannels, valves, pumps, and mixers, as well as to optimize fluid flow and control.

  8. Robotics and Automation: Mechanical engineers play a key role in the design and development of robotic systems and automation technologies used in various industries, including manufacturing, logistics, and healthcare. They focus on mechatronics, control systems, and artificial intelligence to create intelligent and efficient robotic systems.

These examples highlight the diverse range of applications where mechanical engineering expertise is essential for the development of high-tech systems that drive innovation and progress in various industries.

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Fig. 2 3D Printing (source: Spiceworks), Biomechanics (source: Arm Dynamics), HVAC Systems & Smart Buildings (source: attune), Lithography (source: ASML), Renewable Energy Systems (source: DutchReview), Robotic Automation (source: JR Automation).#

To the question of what mechanical engineering exactly is, this course answers by introducing you to various disciplines and applications from mechanical engineering. These lecture notes and the accompanying workbook together provide a very nice picture of what mechanical engineering is. But even after this course, it remains difficult to define mechanical engineering in one sentence. After the lectures, practical sessions and CBL, you can estimate the role of mechanical engineering in those products of all the aforementioned examples. You can even get a good idea of the kind of problems that can be solved.

III.2. The mechanical engineer#

What does a graduated mechanical engineer do? Just like the study program, the professional field is also broad.

Just a few examples of where a graduate mechanical engineer can end up:

  • in the research & development department of Océ, where you are involved in designing a new printer;

  • in the Océ production department, where you are involved in setting up a production system for the new printer;

  • in one’s own company that develops an automated parking garage;

  • at ASML’s development department, where you deal with high-precision positioning of wafers (from which ic’s are made);

  • at a university or at TNO, where you are engaged in research into and development of improved airbag safety systems;

  • at a small engineering firm that deals with the design and improvement of industrial cooling installations for ice rinks;

  • as a production manager at Unilever, where you coordinate and improve the production of soup (cans).

Below you can see six excerpts from vacancies intended for graduated mechanical engineers

III.3. Mechanical engineering in a nutshell#

As stated earlier, mechanical engineering covers a wide range of disciplines and applications.

In the remainder of this course, a number of applications and most disciplines will be introduced.

In the follow-up subjects of the first year and subsequent years, the disciplines of mechanical engineering are discussed in more detail across the entire scope.

This course allows you to explore the world of mechanical engineering in a nutshell.